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The US attack was supposed to take place on Jbut was delayed because of the battle for Saipan and the naval battle of the Philippine Sea, known as the Marianas Turkey Shoot. The Japanese now knew where they planned to attack. On JUS cruisers, battleships, and aircraft bombed and shelled Asan and Agat beaches. Most of the permanent and elaborate defense installations were placed at Tumon Bay. In June of 1944, the United States Armed Forces were ready to retake the island of Guam. The Chamorros were forced to learn and speak Japanese, grow food for Japanese soldiers, and built structures such as tank barriers, pillboxes and gun emplacements. During the Japanese occupation, the Chamorro population suffered from work camps which demanded that they repair airfields, built and paved roads, dug hillside caves, trenches and tank traps. However, the primary objective for occupying Guam was for the Japanese to protect the vital sea route. from the Philippines and to use Guam as an alternate airfield. The island was surrendered to the Japanese. The small garrison of US and Chamorro military personnel was no match for the massive invasion force. 10, 1941, a gallant but futile stand was put up by US Marines and members of the Insular Force Guard of Guam. On the 144th Infantry Division known as the South Seas Detachment of the Japanese Army picked up the 5th Defense Force in Rota and headed to Guam. In October of 1941 the 18th Air Unit of the Japanese Navy started flying reconnaissance missions over Guam. Strategically, Guam held little importance to the United States. Before WWII Congress determined that due in part to its remote location, Guam was indefensible. In 1931 the Navy was ordered to have the island demilitarized. Marine Corp Camp with a quartermaster depot, a small arms range, and barracks.
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Naval authorities demanded surrender and imprisoned the enlisted men of the ship here at Asan Point. A German cruiser, the SMS Cormoran had been docked in Apra Harbor for 3 years and subsequently the U.S. The monument you see today honors their sacrifice. Apolonario Mabini was the most famous of the 42 imprisoned and is still considered a Philippine hero. They believed the United States should not take over the Philippines. Then in 1901 this land turned into a prison camp for exiled Filipino insurrectionists. In 1892, Asan Beach was the site of a Leper Colony, which was utilized for eight years until it was destroyed by a typhoon. Asan Beach had many uses prior to World War II. Then as a result of the Spanish-American War, the Treaty of Paris granted Guam a colony of the United States.
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Guam was a Spanish Colony from 1668-1898.